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A planet is an astronomical object that is massive enough to get a spherical shape due to its own gravity, not so hot and dense to start the nuclear fusion process and its surrounding region should be free of planetesimals or smaller bodies. Planets are divided into two main categories: smaller Rocky terrestrials and low-density Giant planets which are further divided into Gas giants and ice giants. In the solar system, there are 8 planets: Out of which Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars are rocky planets whereas Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune are low-density Giant planets. Jupiter and Saturn are Gas Giants mainly composed of Hydrogen and helium. On the other hand, Uranus and Neptune are Ice Giants composed of water, methane, and ammonia having a thick atmosphere of hydrogen and helium. In 2006, a new category of Planet was adopted by the International Astronomical Union called Dwarf planets. Like a planet a dwarf planet orbit a star and is massive to form a spheroid shape, but is not capable to clear its surroundings from other smaller bodies. Right now, only 5 Solar system objects are recognized as dwarf planets: Pluto, Eris, Ceres, Haumea, and Makemake. Except for Ceres, all are found beyond the region of Neptune called the Kuiper belt. Exoplanets like Super-Earth, Mini-Neptune, and Hot Jupiter have not been found yet in our solar system. Giant Planets that orbit too close to the sun are called hot Jupiters. They resemble planet Jupiter but revolves around its parent star in less than 10 days. Its orbit is even less than one-tenth of the Earth orbit. One of the best known hot Jupiter is 51 pegasi b. Exoplanets that revolve around the galactic center directly instead of a Star are known as Rogue Planets. The reason is either they are ejected from the planetary system or never been gravitationally bound by any star or its remnant. _______________________________________________________________________________ Chapters: 0:00 Planets Intro 1:02 Dwarf Planet Intro 1:46 Solar System Planets and Dwarf Planets Size 3:57 Solar System Planets and Dwarf Planets Average Orbital Distance 5:18 Solar System Objects Gravity Simulation 6:18 Planets Rotation Speed Comparison 7:15 How Planets are formed? 8:11 Discovery of Exoplanet 9:30 Planets and Exoplanets Size Comparison 19:15 What if Moon is replaced by Planets 21:56 Potentially Habitable Exoplanet _______________________________________________ About the Channel: This channel contains advanced educational videos related to different fields of science. Everything in this video is created from scratch. All music is from the youtube audio library.
